06.01.2012
HIMALAYAN PEOPLE NEPALESE TAMANG BHOTIYA PEOPLE ON AMONG THE HIMALAYAS L A WADDEL 1899
HIMALAYAN PEOPLE
TAMANG BHOTIYA PEOPLE
ON
AMONG THE HIMALAYAS
L A WADDEL
1899
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HIMALAYAN PEOPLE LEPCHA PEOPLE ON AMONG THE HIMALAYAS L A WADDEL 1899
HIMALAYAN PEOPLE
LEPCHA PEOPLE
ON
AMONG THE HIMALAYAS
L A WADDEL
1899
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NEPAL NEPALESE LIMBO PEOPLE ON AMONG THE HIMALAYAS L A WADDEL 1899
NEPALESE LIMBO PEOPLE ON AMONG THE HIMALAYAS L A WADDEL 1899
AMONG THE HIMALAYAS
L A WADDEL
1899
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19.12.2011
TRIBAL PEOPLE: SUNWAR OR SANWAR an HIMALAYAN TRIBE in THE PEOPLE OF INDIA RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDISTAN LONDON 1868
THE
PEOPLE OF INDIA.
A SERIES OF
PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS.
WITH DESCRIPTIVE LETTERPRESS,
OF
THE RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDUSTAN,
ORIGINALLY PREPARED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF
THE GOVERNAMENT OF INDIA,
AND
REPRODUCED BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR
INDIA IN COUNCIL.
EDITED BY
J. FORBES WATSON AND JOHN WILLIAM KATE
VOLUME ONE
LONDON
INDIA MUSEUM,
1868
THE HIMALAYAN TRIBES
SUNWAR OR SANWAR—NEPAL
Sunwars is a tribe mostly found north of the Magars and Gorung, and
near and among the Cisnivean Bhotias.
Hodgson assigns them the Gandaceam basin, below the mountain peaks of Gosainthan,
as their seat.
They are among the principal Alpine tribes of the sub-Himalayas between the Kali,
where the aboriginal tongues are merged into the Prakrit, and the Dhausri, where
they begin to pass into monosyllabic-tongued races of presumed Indo-Chinese
origin.
"They inhabit the central and temperate parts of the mountains,
and may be said to occupy a very healthy climate ; but one," says Hodgson,
" of exact temperatures, as various as the several elevations (4,000 to 10,000 feet) of the
ever-varied surface, and which, though nowhere troubled with excessive heat, is so
by excessive moisture, and by the rank vegetation which moisture generates with
the aid of a deep fat soil."
13:05
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TRIBAL PEOPLE: NEWAR an HIMALAYAN TRIBE in THE PEOPLE OF INDIA RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDISTAN LONDON 1868
THE
PEOPLE OF INDIA.
A SERIES OF
PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS.
WITH DESCRIPTIVE LETTERPRESS,
OF
THE RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDUSTAN,
ORIGINALLY PREPARED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF
THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA,
AND
REPRODUCED BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR
INDIA IN COUNCIL.
EDITED BY
J. FORBES WATSON AND JOHN WILLIAM KATE
VOLUME ONE
LONDON
INDIA MUSEUM,
1868
THE HIMALAYAN TRIBES
NEWARS
NEWAR is the name of the bulk of the inhabitants of Nipal, who were
the rulers of the valley before the Goorkha conquest, and are, indeed,
believed to have been its first inhabitants.
Their original country has not been ascertained, though the Tartar cast of their
physical form, and the monosyllabic structure of their language, point to Tibet ;
their traditions, however, indicate India as their previous home.
They now constitute the great mass of the agricultural and artisan population ;
and the ruins of their well-built towns and temples attest the civilization to which
they had attained before their conquest by the rude mountaineers,
who now consume in military idleness, the fruits of their fields.
About two-thirds of the Newars are Buddhists, the remainder Brahminical Hindoos.
They are a cheerful and industrious race, possessing a skill in agriculture far
exceeding that which exists in Hindostan, and presenting a marked contrast to the
sour looks and arrogant demeanour of the Goorkha on the one hand, and to the melancholy
and apathetic countenance of the inhabitant of Hindostan on the other.
13:03
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TRIBAL PEOPLE: MAGAR an HIMALAYAN TRIBE in THE PEOPLE OF INDIA RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDISTAN LONDON 1868
THE
PEOPLE OF INDIA.
A SERIES OF
PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS.
WITH DESCRIPTIVE LETTERPRESS,
OF
THE RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDUSTAN,
ORIGINALLY PREPARED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF
THE GOVERNAMENT OF INDIA,
AND
REPRODUCED BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR
INDIA IN COUNCIL.
EDITED BY
J. FORBES WATSON AND JOHN WILLIAM KATE
VOLUME ONE
LONDON
INDIA MUSEUM,
1868
THE HIMALAYAN TRIBES
MAGARS
The Magars are a tribe of not very great magnitude, resident in Nepal.
They are "unquestionably a people of this (the southern) side of the snows
( Himalayas), and their original country is Sikkim, from which they were first driven
west by the Lepchas across the Meehi and Konki rivers, and thence further west by
the Limboos beyond the Arun and Doodkooshi.
While in Sikkim they were not Hindoos ; they ate fowls, pigs, and everything except the cow, from which I believe
they abstained.
They had no priests, or 'puja,' of any kind.
Now, however, they have the Brahmins, and are, I believe, reckoned very good Hindoos in Nipal."
(Han Sing, Dewan of Sikkim, in Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal., v. xi., p. o.)
They are largely enlisted into the Nipalese army, and are excellent soldiers, having
formed a considerable portion of the Goorkha regiment enlisted by Sir C. Napier
in 1850.
Their attachment to the house of Goorkha is but recent, and of not
extraordinary or intimate nature.
"They have acquired the Khas language, though not to the oblivion of their own ; and the Khas habits and sentiments,
but with sundry reservations in favour of pristine liberty."
They are divided into fifty-three different septs, or families.
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TRIBAL PEOPLE: LIMBOOS OR LIMBO an HIMALAYAN TRIBE in THE PEOPLE OF INDIA RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDISTAN LONDON 1868
THE
PEOPLE OF INDIA.
A SERIES OF
PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS.
WITH DESCRIPTIVE LETTERPRESS,
OF
THE RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDUSTAN,
ORIGINALLY PREPARED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF
THE GOVERNAMENT OF INDIA,
AND
REPRODUCED BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR
INDIA IN COUNCIL.
EDITED BY
J. FORBES WATSON AND JOHN WILLIAM KATE
VOLUME ONE
LONDON
INDIA MUSEUM,
1868
THE HIMALAYAN TRIBES
LIMBOOS.
The term LIMBOO is a corruption of Ekthoomba, and is generally used to
designate the whole population of the mountainous country lying between
the Dood-Koosi and the Kanki rivers, in Nepal.
Their original country is Chung, in Tibet.
The Limboos are found in smaller numbers eastwards to the Mechi
river, which forms the boundary of Nepal and Sikhim.
In still fewer numbers they exist within the Sikhim territory, as far east as the Teesta river, beyond
which they very rarely settle.
In Bhootan they are unknown, except as strangers.
They doubtless belong to the great Mongolian family of the human race.
This is clearly evidenced in their form of features, absence of beard, and yellow colour of
the skin; but to which of the numerous divisions of this family, to be found
between the Himalaya mountains and the Yellow Sea, they especially belong,
or of which they are an offshoot, remains to be decided by further comparison of
their language and their religion, with those of other Mongols. Their language
has no written character, nor does it impress the hearer as having any resemblance
to the Lepcha or Mech dialects.
There is, however, reason to suppose that it once
had a written character peculiar to itself (Journal As. Soc. Bengal., ii., 4.)
Although they have been long in close contact with the Hindoos, there is not
any perceptible mixture of the blood to be observed, whether in more regular
features, or in the absence of the small low nose of the Mongolian races, and
presence of the beard.
In religion they are neither Hindoos nor Buddhists ;
though they outwardly conform, as their locality requires, to the practices of either
creed.
They believe in one great god, called SHAM-MUNG, and worship many
minor deities.
Their marriage ceremonies are simple, involving little but a sacrifice
and a feast.
Their funeral proceedings are thus described:—Just as the vital
spark has taken its leave of the mortal tenement, it is usual among the Limboos,
for one who can procure a little powder, to fire a gun.
The report is supposed to give intimation of the event to the gods, and to speed the
soul of the deceased to their keeping.
They burn the dead, selecting the summits of mountains for
the purpose, and afterwards collect and bury the ashes, over which they raise a
square tomb of stone, about four feet high, placing upon it an upright stone.
On this is engraved a record of the quantity of largess distributed at the funeral of the
deceased.
This inscription is either in the Dev-Nagri or Lepcha character,
according to the comparative facility of procuring an engraver in either.
It is an act of virtue in the relatives to give largess, but it does not appear to be considered
of any efficacy to the soul of the departed.
The Limboos do not make offerings, or sacrifices for the dead, nor have they any belief in the transmigration of souls.
They mourn the dead by weeping and lamentations at the time, and by avoiding
merry-makings, and adorning the hair with flowers for a month or two.
They are a warlike race, and occasionally enlist in the British native army.
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TRIBAL PEOPLE: KHAS or KHUS an HIMALAYAN TRIBE in THE PEOPLE OF INDIA RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDISTAN LONDON 1868
KHAS or KHUS an HIMALAYAN TRIBE in THE PEOPLE OF INDIA RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDISTAN LONDON 1868
THE
PEOPLE OF INDIA.
A SERIES OF
PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS.
WITH DESCRIPTIVE LETTERPRESS,
OF
THE RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDUSTAN,
ORIGINALLY PREPARED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF
THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA,
AND
REPRODUCED BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR
INDIA IN COUNCIL.
EDITED BY
J. FORBES WATSON AND JOHN WILLIAM KATE
VOLUME ONE
LONDON
INDIA MUSEUM,
1868
THE HIMALAYAN TRIBES
KHAS OR KHUS
![peopleofindiaser02greauoft_0053[1].jpg](http://static.skynetblogs.be/media/137887/144232275.2.jpg)
"THE Kas, or Khus, now the dominant population of Nepal, were, until 1816, the
ruling tribe of the entire tract from the Sutlej to the Teesta.
They are called Purbuttiah, or Highlander, from their residence in the Hills ;
the term being chiefly confined to them, though equally applicable to other
tribes similarly located.
Their aboriginal stock is Turaniam ; a fact, says Hodgson,
" inscribed in characters so plain upon their faces, forms, and languages, that
we may well dispense with the vain attempt to trace it historically in the meagre
chronicles of barbarism."
When the tide of Musulman conquest and bigotriy, from the twelfth century downwards,
swept multitudes of the Brahmins from the plains into these hills, they endeavoured to
make the natives converts to Hinduism, and thus to confirm the fleeting influence
which their learning and refinement gave them over an illiterate and barbarous
population.
In order to secure their end, they granted to their earliest distinguished
converts, in defiance of the creed they taught, the lofty rank and honours of the
Khastriya order, which they also communicated to their progeny by the Hill-women.
Thus originated the now numerous, predominant, and extensively ramified tribe of
the Khas, which, favoured by the Brahminical system, became entirely devoted to
it.
Subduing the neighbouring tribes, they "gradually merged the greater part of
their own habits, ideas, and language, but not physiognomy, in those of the
Hindoos, and the Khas language became a corrupt dialect of Hindi," concealing
froom all but curious eyes its barbaric origin.
They are excellent soldiers, and form a considerable proportion of the Nipalese
(Goorkha) army.
Though more liable to Brahminical prejudices than other military
tribes of the country, they have no religious feelings which prevent them from
becoming excellent servants in arms, and they possess pre-eminently that masculine
energy of character and that love of enteiprise which distinguish so advantageously
the Nipal soldiery.
Despatching their meals in half-an-hour, and "satisfying the
ceremonial law by merely washing their hands and face, and taking off their turbans
before cooking, they laugh at the pharisaical rigour of our (Bengal) Sepoys, who
must bathe from head to foot and make puja ere they begin to dress their dinner,
must eat nearly naked in the coldest weather, and cannot be in marching trim
again in less than three hours.
The former will carry several days' provisions on
their backs, the latter would deem such an act intolerably degrading."
The present royal family of Nipal belong to the Sahi, or Sah, branch of the
Khas."
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TRIBAL PEOPLE: GURUNG an HIMALAYAN TRIBE in THE PEOPLE OF INDIA RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDISTAN LONDON 1868
THE
PEOPLE OF INDIA.
A SERIES OF
PHOTOGRAPHIC ILLUSTRATIONS.
WITH DESCRIPTIVE LETTERPRESS,
OF
THE RACES AND TRIBES OF HINDUSTAN,
ORIGINALLY PREPARED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF
THE GOVERNAMENT OF INDIA,
AND
REPRODUCED BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR
INDIA IN COUNCIL.
EDITED BY
J. FORBES WATSON AND JOHN WILLIAM KATE
VOLUME ONE
LONDON
INDIA MUSEUM,
1868
THE HIMALAYAN TRIBES
GURUNG
"The Goorungs of Nipal are a division of the "Purbuttiahs," and therefore
nominally Hindoos.
They live on the hills, uniformly selecting an altitude of
5000 or 0000 feet, especially between Jumla and Kirant, where they rear immense
flocks of the Barwal goat.
They exhibit, in common with most of the aboriginal
tribes of Nipal, a modified form of the Mongolian type, retaining, like the Magars,
their own vernacular tongue, though, from long intermixture with the Khas, they
have also acquired the language of the latter.
Their original seat is supposed to be in the valleys around the peak of Gosainthan ;
and they retain to a certain extent the the manners and religion of their ancestors,
though the latter has in some degree
been mixed with Hinduism ; mainly, it would seem, because this is the religion
of the reigning family, whom they serve largely in the capacity of soldiers.
From their "energy of character, love of enterprise, freedom from the shackles of
caste, unadulterated military habits, and perfect subjectibility to discipline,"
they are eminently fitted for a military life.
The Goorungs are subdivided into no less than forty-two banches."
12:52
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